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|direction_b=South |terminus_b= in Swain County, NC |browse=National Parkway National Scenic Byway }} The Blue Ridge Parkway is a National Parkway and All-American Road in the United States, noted for its scenic beauty. The parkway, which is America's longest linear park,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Blue Ridge Parkway )〕 runs for through 29 Virginia and North Carolina counties, mostly along the Blue Ridge, a major mountain chain that is part of the Appalachian Mountains. Its southern terminus is on the boundary between Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Cherokee Indian Reservation in North Carolina, from which it travels north to Shenandoah National Park in Virginia and offers access to the Skyline Drive. While the two roads join together end-to-end, they are separate and distinct entities, built as two different projects and managed by two different National Park Service units. The Blue Ridge Parkway was built to connect Shenandoah National Park to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The parkway, while not a National Park, has been the most visited unit of the National Park System every year since 1946 except two (1949, 2013).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://irma.nps.gov/Stats/ )〕 Land on either side of the road is owned and maintained by the National Park Service and, in many places, parkway land is bordered by United States Forest Service property. The parkway is on North Carolina's version of the America the Beautiful quarter in 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/atb/?flash=yes&action=siteRegister )〕 ==History== Begun during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the project was originally called the Appalachian Scenic Highway. Most construction was carried out by private contractors under federal contracts under an authorization by Harold L. Ickes in his role as federal public works administrator. Work began on September 11, 1935, near Cumberland Knob in North Carolina; construction in Virginia began the following February. On June 30, 1936, Congress formally authorized the project as the Blue Ridge Parkway and placed it under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service. Some work was carried out by various New Deal public works agencies. The Works Progress Administration did some roadway construction. Crews from the Emergency Relief Administration carried out landscape work and development of parkway recreation areas. Personnel from four Civilian Conservation Corps camps worked on roadside cleanup, roadside plantings, grading slopes, and improving adjacent fields and forest lands. During World War II, the CCC crews were replaced by conscientious objectors in the Civilian Public Service program. The parkway's construction created jobs in the region, but also displaced many residents and created new rules and regulations for landowners, including requirements related to how farmers could transport crops. Residents could no longer build on their lands without permission or develop land except for agricultural use.〔 They were not permitted to use the parkway for any commercial travel but were required to transport equipment and materials on side roads.〔 The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians were also affected by the parkway, which was built through their lands. From 1935 to 1940, they resisted giving up the right-of-way through the Qualla Boundary, and they were successful in gaining more favorable terms from the U.S. government.〔 Specifically, the revised bill "specified the parkway route, assured the $40,000 payment for the tribe's land, and required the state to build () regular highway through the Soco Valley" (the highway referred to is part of U.S. Route 19, US 19).〔 Cherokee leaders participated in the dedications when the Cherokee sections opened in the 1950s. Construction of the parkway took over 52 years to complete, the last stretch (near the Linn Cove Viaduct) laid around Grandfather Mountain and opened in 1987. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Blue Ridge Parkway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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